L-(+)-Ergothioneine Manufacturer CAS No.: 497-30-3

What is L-(+)-Ergothioneine?

L-(+)-Ergothioneine (EGT) is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative with potent antioxidant properties. It was first isolated from the ergot fungus, but it is primarily found in mushrooms, especially in higher concentrations in species like shiitake and oyster mushrooms. It is also present in various other foods such as black beans, kidney beans, and certain meats.

Ergothioneine is unique due to its high bioavailability and its ability to accumulate selectively in cells and tissues that are under high oxidative stress, such as the liver, kidney, brain, and red blood cells.

Main Applications of L-(+)-Ergothioneine

1. Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Agent:
   • Scavenging Free Radicals: EGT is a powerful antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals, protecting cells from oxidative damage. This function is crucial in preventing cellular aging and reducing the risk of various chronic diseases.
   • Protection Against Oxidative Stress: It helps to shield cells and tissues from oxidative stress. And particularly in high-stress environments like the liver and kidneys.
2. Anti-inflammatory Effects:
   • Reduction of Inflammatory Response: EGT has been shown to modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This makes it potentially useful in managing inflammatory conditions.
3. Neuroprotection:
   • Protection of Brain Cells: Ergothioneine can cross the blood-brain barrier, providing protection against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain.
   • Support for Cognitive Function: It may enhance cognitive function and protect against age-related decline in brain health.
4. Cardiovascular Health:
   • Protection of Cardiovascular Cells: EGT protects endothelial cells lining blood vessels, reducing the risk of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.
   • Improvement in Heart Health: It may contribute to better heart health by preventing oxidative damage and inflammation in cardiac tissues.
5. Skin Health:
   • Protection Against UV Radiation: Ergothioneine protects skin cells from the damaging effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, making it a valuable ingredient in skincare products.
   • Anti-Aging Benefits: Its antioxidant properties help in preventing premature aging of the skin by reducing oxidative damage and maintaining skin cell integrity.
6. Immune System Support:
   • Enhancement of Immune Function: EGT supports the immune system by protecting immune cells from oxidative damage and enhancing their function.
   • Modulation of Immune Response: It can modulate the immune response, providing a balanced defense against pathogens while preventing excessive inflammation.
7. Enhancement of Physical Performance:
   • Reduction of Exercise-induced Oxidative Stress: EGT can reduce oxidative stress and muscle damage.
   • Support for Muscle Health: It helps maintain muscle health by protecting muscle cells from oxidative damage.

Mechanism of Action

• Antioxidant Defense: Ergothioneine acts as a direct scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Its thiol group provides strong reducing power, enabling it to neutralize free radicals effectively.
• Mitochondrial Protection: It accumulates in mitochondria, the energy-producing centers of cells, protecting them from oxidative damage and maintaining cellular energy production.
• Gene Expression Modulation: EGT can influence the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response and inflammation, thereby modulating cellular defense mechanisms.
• Transport and Accumulation: Ergothioneine is actively transported into cells by a specific transporter, the Ergothioneine Transporter (ETT, also known as OCTN1), which allows it to accumulate in tissues where it is needed most.

Conclusion

L-(+)-Ergothioneine is a remarkable natural antioxidant with a wide range of health benefits. Its ability to protect against oxidative stress and inflammation makes it a promising compound for enhancing health and preventing disease. Whether used in supplements, functional foods, or skincare products, ergothioneine offers significant potential for improving well-being and longevity.